Reports
eFREIGHT 2030 Reports
What's new? Read the latest reports and publications from the eFREIGHT 2030 consortium.
As the eFREIGHT 2030 project rolls out, we will be publishing more insightful analysis and research from across our consortium with our data and research partner, Energy Systems Catapult (ESC).
ESC is working with us to ensure the demonstration gathers the evidence required to understand the challenges and opportunities of eHGVs, and will also provide detailed analysis and insight to support a commercially successful and rapid decarbonisation of the freight sector.
Reports and publications will be made available to view and for download here, so keep checking back for the latest updates.
March 2026
The road ahead: National system impacts of HGV decarbonisation
This report covers the Catapult’s national whole systems modelling and analysis, investigating possible pathways for the UK HGV fleet composition, charging infrastructure, energy demand and emissions reductions. The insights from this report are intended to inform government, the energy sector, HGV fleets and charging infrastructure providers on the actions needed now to enable a commercially successful transition to zero-emission road freight.
Key findings included:
- eHGVs are likely to dominate as the zero-emission vehicle of choice across all HGV.
- eHGV electricity demand in 2035 could exceed the current electricity demand in Wales (at 16TWh), and in 2045 it could exceed the current electricity demand in both Wales and Scotland (at 35TWh).
- To accommodate eHGV uptake, 70,000-90,000 dedicated eHGV charging outlets may need to be installed over the next five years, increasing to 200,000-230,000 by 2035. This would require a swift charger rollout.
March 2026
Accelerating the transition: A business modelling perspective for eHGV scale-up
This report builds on earlier research by presenting feedback from fleet operators on those business models, gathered through multiple rounds of engagement, including an interactive session and online surveys. Our goal was to test models by capturing real-world industry perspectives, identifying which features are most attractive, which are less desirable, and the reasons behind these preferences. These insights are critical for identifying core features that future business models should prioritise to better align with the needs of the UK road freight sector. Ultimately, this report aims to accelerate the deployment of eHGVs and supporting infrastructure by offering targeted recommendations for key stakeholders, reflecting the findings from our research and designed to address fleet operator needs.
Key findings included:
- Financial clarity is a universal priority. Fleet operators want transparent cost breakdowns and predictable pricing.
- Flexibility is key. Fleet operators favour short-term, scalable solutions that allow adaptation.
- Inclusivity is essential for sector-wide adoption. Solutions must address the specific needs of SMEs.
March 2026
Connecting HGVs and electricity: Enabling Systems and Sites for eHGV Charger Integration
This report, developed by Energy Systems Catapult (the “Catapult”) as part of the eFREIGHT 2030 project, explores the challenges and opportunities associated with integrating electric Heavy Goods Vehicle (eHGV) chargers into the GB electricity network. Electrifying HGVs is an important step in decarbonising the freight sector but brings new challenges for both fleet operators and electricity networks. This report identifies those challenges and suggests actions which can enable the smooth implementation of eHGV charging infrastructure.
- Network operators should provide clear guidance on the different connection options, standardise and simplify processes, and plan ahead for the growth of eHGV demands on their network. NESO should lead the forecasting of the impact of eHGV demand on electricity networks and share this with DNOs.
- Fleet operators should plan for growth of their depot electricity connections, share eHGV uptake forecasts with electricity industry stakeholders, and explore opportunities to optimise their site energy usage.
- Government and regulators should reform the distribution demand queue, assess regulatory frameworks to encourage collaboration between DNOs, and consider incentives for the installation of renewables on depot sites.
April 2025
Accelerating the transition: A business modelling perspective for eHGV scale-up
Energy Systems Catapult has investigated the complexities of securing electricity connections for eHGV chargers, as part of a new case study commissioned by the eFREIGHT 2030 project. The study examines Voltempo’s experience in applying for multiple connections to support national trials, revealing how local electricity network conditions can impact everything from cost to delivery timescales.
Some connections have been relatively straightforward, while others have encountered delays or high costs due to infrastructure constraints. This case study provides valuable insights into the current state of network readiness for commercial EV charging and highlights the need for clearer, more consistent connection processes as the UK transitions to zero-emission freight.
Adolphus Duru, Connections Manager at Voltempo, highlights the importance of flexibility in the connection process: “If a DNO can be adaptable and offer versatile solutions, it’s better for everyone and for the sector as a whole.”
Key findings included:
- Inconsistency in DNOs causes delays: Standardised processes across Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) are lacking, significantly complicating and slowing down charger connection applications.
- An unpredictable grid capactiy can cause delays: Grid network capacity varies by location, with some sites facing delays of up to five years due to the need for reinforcement.
- Inadequate data tools: Some existing DNO data portals and heatmaps are inconsistent and difficult to operate, causing inefficient planning.
April 2025
eHGV Purchasing Options and Considerations
The eFREIGHT consortium’s latest report explores the complexities of eHGV procurement, offering an in-depth analysis of the financial hurdles and practical solutions.
The report also explores alternative purchasing models that can provide greater financial predictability for operators and serves as a valuable resource for anyone seeking a clearer picture of the benefits and risks of in eHGV procurement.
Key findings included:
- The transition to eHGVs will impose significant costs on fleet operators, with the cost of purchasing eHGVs being a significant contributing factor.
- Innovative purchasing models have the potential to (partially) address pain points identified during engagement as well as the limitations of conventional models.
- Vehicle lease – The currently low residual value of eHGVs, driven by the absence of a secondhand market and uncertainty over future battery technology value, results in higher monthly lease payments, potentially making leasing a less attractive model for fleet operators.
- The substantial cost of eHGVs could significantly reduce the viability of a capital purchase for fleet operators who typically employ this purchasing model.
November 2024
eHGV Charger Connections Guide
We are pleased to share our latest report from our data and research partner Energy Systems Catapult (ESC). The eHGV Charger Connections Guide is a valuable new resource for fleet owners and aims to demystify the complexities surrounding the connection of eHGV chargers to the UK’s electricity network.
Offering clear and concise guidance, the report outlines the steps, costs, and challenges involved. The guide aims to decarbonise freight transport by accelerating the uptake of zero emissions HGVs, supporting rapid infrastructure deployment to foster cleaner freight operations across the country.
Key findings included:
- Site and connection guidance: The guidance highlights the key considerations when identifying suitable sites for charging infrastructure and offers advice on checking existing grid capacity, estimating overall connection costs, and evaluating timelines for new connections and upgrades at existing facilities.
- Flexible connection options: The report offers advice on how flexible connections – where reinforcement of the wider network is avoided or postponed – can help the reduction of expenses and time spent. It also breaks down options for more affordable and faster installation paths.
- Using Distribution Network Operator (DNO) heatmaps: DNO heatmaps are a crucial resource that can help operators locate areas with sufficient grid capacity. This report walks readers through the various DNO tools and best practices for efficient use.
- Planning for growth: The guide provides stakeholders with the criteria for effectively planning for the future, including the procurement of higher voltage for future roll out of chargers.
June 2024
Electrifying the Road: Industry Insights on the Future of Heavy Goods Vehicles in the UK
Before embarking on any project, it’s crucial to first take stock of our starting point. For eFREIGHT 2030, this meant undertaking a baseline report, a snapshot of the UK road freight sector and attitudes to the transition to net zero HGVs before the project began.
In Summer 2023, eFREIGHT 2030 lead, Voltempo, commissioned Energy Systems Catapult (ESC) to undertake a baseline report, Electric Heavy Goods Vehicles? Industry perspectives on the prospects for their adoption in the U.K.
Over several weeks, the ESC team carried out in depth interviews with managers involved in sustainability strategy within organisations operating HGV fleets, looking at the role zero emission HGVs are expected to play, key benefits and drawbacks, perceptions of barriers to acquisition and adoption, and requirements for charging infrastructure for eHGVs.
Key findings included:
- Operators accept there will be a need to transition their HGV fleets to net zero carbon emissions; some aim to achieve this by 2035, others will be later, some potentially getting there only by 2050
- Most operators believe they will achieve net zero largely through adoption of eHGVs, which will by 2030-2035 be able to replace all but the largest vehicles on all but the longest routes
- There may be a niche role for hydrogen FCV trucks in the largest size category on the longest routes
- Alternative fuels will only play an interim role in the transition
- Most operators will recharge their vehicles at home bases, but there will also be a role for recharging facilities on the strategic road network
- The cost and availability at the right locations of power for recharging is seen as potentially the biggest issue for a timely transition
- Major changes to operating patterns (including schedules, routes, break times, and number of vehicles being operated) will be necessary es.catapult.org.uk 2
- Government will need to support the sector in making this transition, both by changing regulations around allowed vehicle weights and dimensions for eHGVs, and in mitigating the high costs to operators of making the transition
- The cost and complexity of the transition will likely result in major restructuring of the road freight sector, with the distribution of fleet sizes becoming increasingly skewed towards larger fleets
